Didactic literature of the past occupies a special place in the history of the development of the written culture of the peoples of Central Asia, in particular, such a peculiar genre as subhashitas. Compiled on the model of ancient Indian didactic writings (nitishastra), moral sayings of an edifying nature are instructions of the “two rules” concerning the norms of ethical behavior in secular and spiritual life in the context of Buddhist Dharma, useful for both laymen and monks. This article is a continuation of many years of work devoted to the study of the “Subhashita” in the original and in translation into Russian. It provides an overview of the research on the “Subhashita” as an important object in the academic field of Oriental Studies. This monument of Tibetan literature has been the subject of scholarly research both in our country and abroad (Mongolia, China, Hungary, and elsewhere). The scientific novelty of this article lies in its systematic analysis of the Oirat version and its comprehensive characterization. The title “Sayitur nomloxui erdeniyin sang” (or Sayin üge-tü erdeni-yin sang) refers to the “Treasure of Elegant Sayings”, which is the prominent Oirat literary translation on todo bichig (“Clear Script”) of the famous Tibetan didactic text (Legs par bshad pa rin po che’i gter), widely known as the Subhashita, functioning both as a literary masterpiece and a practical ethical guide, composed by the Tibetan scholar Sakya Pandita (1182–1251).