<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nomadic</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Nomadic civilization: historical research</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nomadic civilization: historical research</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2782-3377</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Калмыцкий государственный университет им. Б.Б. Городовикова</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53315/2782-3377-2021-14-30-40-81-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nomadic-34</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕОРИЯ И ИСТОРИЯ КУЛЬТУРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THEORY AND HISTORY OF CULTURE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Probleme des Studiums des Kalmückischen Heldenhaften Epos «Dzhangar» am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Probleme des Studiums des Kalmückischen heldenhaften epos «Dzhangar» am Anfang des 21. Jahrhunderts</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Bassangowa</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Basangova</surname><given-names>T. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Tamara G. Bassangowa, D.Sc. (Philologie), außerordentlicher Professor</p><p>Elista</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara G. Basangova, D.Sc. (Philology), Associate Professor</p><p>Elista</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">basangova49@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Kalmyk Staatliche Universität, benannt nach B. B. Gorodovikov</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kalmyk State University named after B. B. Gorodovikov</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>1</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>92</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Bassangowa T.G., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Bassangowa T.G.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Basangova T.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nomadic-kalmsu.ru/jour/article/view/34">https://www.nomadic-kalmsu.ru/jour/article/view/34</self-uri><abstract><p>Das Kalmückische Volk ist der Schöpfer und der Beschützer des reichsten mündlichpoetitschen Schaffens. Es ist mit vielfältigen folkloristischen Genres vorgestellt: mit Märchen, Liedern, Sprichwörtern, Rätseln, Glückwünschen, Magtal-Lobpreisungen. Die wertvollste Perle der kalmückischen Folklore ist das heldenhafte Epos „Dzhangar“, das in einer Reihe mit den hervorragenden Denkmälern der weltweiten Folklore steht: mit russischen Sagen, kaukasischen „Narti“, finnischem „Kalewala“, kirgisischem „Manass“. Der Aufsatz diskutiert die Anhäufung eines Epos-Phänomens unter den modernen Bedingungen und fasst die Geschichte des Studiums des heroischen Epos des KalmückenVolkes zusammen. Es wird auf die Entwicklung von Methoden des komplexen Studiums des Epos in allen nationalen Versionen geachtet.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The Kalmyk people are the creators and protectors of the richest oral and poetic creativity. It is presented with diverse folk genres: with fairy tales, songs, proverbs, riddles, congratulations, magtal praises. The most valuable pearl of Kalmyk folklore is the heroic epic «Dzhangar», which is one of the outstanding monuments of world folklore: with Russian sagas, Caucasian «Narty», Finnish «Kalewala», and Kyrgyz «Manass». The paper discusses the accumulation of a phenomenon of epos in the modern conditions and sums up the history of studying the heroic epos of the Kalmyk people. Attention is paid to development of methods of the complex studying the epos in all national versions.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Epos „Dzhangar“</kwd><kwd>Kalmücken</kwd><kwd>nationale Versionen</kwd><kwd>umfassende Studie</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Epos «Dzhangar»</kwd><kwd>Kalmyks</kwd><kwd>national versions</kwd><kwd>comprehensive study</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitkejew, N. Z. (1973). Die Kunst von Dzhangarchi: Verherrlichung des Bildes des Batyr. Epische Kreativität der Menschen in Sibirien: Abstracts. Prüfbericht All-Union wissenschaftlich. Conf., Ulan-Ude, 17. –20. Juli 1973. Ulan-Ude. 73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitkeev, N.Ts. (1973). The Art of Dzhangarchi: Glorification of the Image of the Batyr. Epic Creativity of the People of Siberia: Abstracts. All-Union scientific test report. Conf., Ulan-Ude, 17-20. July 1973. Ulan-Ude. 73 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitkejew, N. Z. (1983). Dzhangarchnr. Elista.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitkeev, N. Ts. (1983). Dzhangarchnr. Elista.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitkejew, N. Z. (2001). Dzhangarchi. Elista: APP “Dzhangar”.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitkeev, N. Ts. (2001). Dzhangarchi. Elista: APP “Dzhangar” .</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitkejew, N. Z. (2006). Epos «Dzhangar». Elista: ZAO KKW “Dzhangar”; KalmSU.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitkeev, N. Ts. (2006). Epic “Dzhangar“. Elista: ZAO NPP “Dzhangar”; KalmSU.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bitkejew, N. Z. (2009). “Dzhangar” im Bildungssystem. Elista: ZAO KKW “Dzhangar”.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bitkeev, N. Ts. (2009). “Dzhangar” in the education system. Elista: ZAO NPP “Dzhangar” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bordzhanowa, T.G. (1976). Oirat-Geschichtenerzähler Parchen (zu seinem 120. Geburtstag). Fragen der Poetik und Herkunft von “Dzhangar”. Elista. 162–164.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bordzhanowa, T.G. (1976). Oirat storyteller Parchen (on his 120th birthday). Questions about the poetics and origin of “Dzhangar”. Elista. 162–164 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bordzhanowa, T. G. (1982). Zum Studium der epischen Tradition von Oirat. Epische Tradition der mongolischen Völker (Forschung zum Epos). Elista. 106–115.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bordzhanowa, T. G. (1982). To study the epic tradition of Oirat. Epic tradition of the Mongolian peoples (research on the epic). Elista. 106–115 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burtschinowa, L. S. (1980). Studienort von “Dzhangar” im vorrevolutionären russischen Kalmückenstudium. “Dzhangar” und die Probleme der epischen Kreativität der türkisch-mongolischen Völker: Mater. All-Union wissenschaftlich. Konferenz, 17.–19. Mai 1978. Elista. Moskau: Wissenschaft. 402–407.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Burchinova, L. S. (1980). Place of study of “Dzhangar” in pre-revolutionary Russian Kalmuck studies. “Dzhangar” and the problems of the epic creativity of the Turkish-Mongolian peoples: Mater. All-Union scientific. Conference, 17.–19. May 1978. Elista. Moscow: Science. 402–407 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“Dzhangar”. Das Heldenepos der Xinjiang Oirat-Mongols (2006–2008) / Transkription aus der Oirat-Schrift (todo bichig) B. Kh. Todaeva. Elsta: Kalmückischer Buchverlag.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">“Dzhangar”. The heroic epic of the Xinjiang Oirat Mongols (2006–2008) / transcription from the Oirat script (todo bichig) B. Kh. Todaeva. Elista: Kalmyk book publishing house.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“Dzhangar”. Kalmyk Heroic Epic (1990) / Zusammengestellt, Vorbereitung von Texten, Kommentaren und Wörterbuch von N. Z. Bitkeev, E. B. Ovalov. Moskau: Wissenschaft. Auf Kalm. und Russisch lang. (Serie “Epos der Völker der UdSSR”).</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">“Dzhangar”. Kalmyk Heroic Epic (1990) / Compiled, text preparation, commentary and dictionary by N.Ts. Bitkeev, E. B. Ovalov. Moscow: Nauka. On Kalm. and Russian (Series “Epic of the Peoples of the USSR”).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“Dzhangar”: Maloderbetversion (1999) / Konsolidierter Text, Übersetzung, Einführungsartikel, Kommentare, Wörterbuch von A. Sch. Kitschikow. Elista: KalmSU.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">“Dzhangar”: Maloderbetversion (1999) / Consolidated Text, Translation, Introductory Article, Commentaries, Dictionary by A. Sch. Kitschikov. Elista: KalmSU.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“Dzhangar”. Liste von Maloderbetovsky ulus. L. 35.3. Grafschaft. 11 cm., 1862, 9. August. Hände. im alten Kalmückenbrief. Die Originalaufnahme des Gedichts “Dogshn Shar Gүrgu ... ”. Handschriftenfonds Vost. fak. SPbSU. Code: XylQ 544.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">“Dzhangar”. List of Maloderbetovsky ulus. L. 35.3. County. 11 cm., 1862, August 9. Hands. in the old Kalmuck letter. The original recording of the poem “Dogshn Shar Gүrgu ...”. Manuscript Fund Vost. fact. SPbSU. Code: XylQ 544.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">“Dzhangar” und Dzhangar Studies (2001). Zusammengestellt von P. E. Aleksejeva. Elista. 40–68.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">“Dzhangar” and Dzhangar Studies (2001). Compiled by P. E. Aleksejeva. Elista. 40–68.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhangr. Halmg baatrlg duulvr (1978). 25 Blog-Text. T. 1–2 / Komp. A. Sh. Kichikov; Hrsg. G. I. Michailow. Moskau: Wissenschaft.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhangr. Halmg baatrlg duulvr (1978). 25 blog text. T. 1–2 / Comp. A. Sh. Kichikov; Edited by G. I. Michajilow. Moscow: Nauka.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhangr. Halmg baatrlg epos (1985; 1990) / nүr үgn O.I. Gorodovikovin; Hrsg. N. Z. Bitkejev und E. B. Ovalov. 1-gh, 2-gh bot. Elst: Halmg degtr harhach.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhangr. Halmg baatrlg epos (1985; 1990) / nүr үgn O.I. Gorodovikovin; Eds. N. Z. Bitkejev and E. B. Ovalov. 1-gh, 2-gh bot. Elst: Halmg degtr harhach.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ilischkin I. K. (1977). Die neuesten Forschungen in der Kalmückischen ASSR zu den Problemen von “Dzhangar”. Olon ulsyn mongolch erdemtni III ih khural. Bot‘ II, Ulan-Bator. 73–78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ilishkin I.K. (1977). The latest research in the Kalmyk ASSR on the problems of “Dzhangar”. Olon ulsyn mongolch erdemtni III ih khural. Bot ‘II, Ulan Bator. 73–78 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1974). Zhangarian Studies: die Ergebnisse der Studie. Probleme der Altaik- und Mongolenkunde: Mater. All-Union. Konf. 17.–19. Mai 1972. Elista, 1. 49–54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1974). Zhangarian Studies: the results of the study. Problems of Altaik and Mongol Studies: Mater. All-Union. Conf. 17.–19. May 1972. Elista, 1. 49–54 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1976). Studium des Heldenepos “Dzhangar”: Fragen der historischen Poetik. Elista: Kalmückischer Buchverlag.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1976). Study of the heroic epic “Dzhangar”: questions of historical poetics. Elista: Kalmyk book publishing house (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1992; 1994; 1997). Das Heldenepos “Dzhangar”. Vergleichende typologische Untersuchung des Denkmals. Moskau: Wissenschaft, Ed. Firma “Vost. literatura”.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kitschikow, A. Sсh. (1992; 1994; 1997). The heroic epic “Dzhangar”. Comparative typological study of the monument. Moscow: Nauka, Ed. Company “Vost. literatura” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mikhajilow, G. I. (1969). Dzhangariada und Geseriada. Der große Sänger “Dzhangar” Eelian Ovla und Dzhangarologie. Mater. wissenschaftlich. Konf. Elista. 29-38.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mikhajilow, G. I. (1969). Dzhangariada and Geseriada. The great singer “Dzhangar” Eelian Ovla and Dzhangar Studies. Mater. scientific. Conf. Elista. 29–38 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ovalow, E. B. (2004). Typologie der Motive und Handlungen im Epos der mongolischen Völker [Chefredakteure: T. G. Borjanowa, E. U. Omakajewa]. Elista: APP “Dzhangar”.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ovalow, E. B. (2004). Typology of motives and actions in the epic of the Mongolian peoples [Editors-in-chief: T. G. Bordzhanowa, E. U. Omakajewa]. Elista: APP “Dzhangar” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okonow, B. B., Ovalow, E. B. (1981). Zustand und Perspektiven für die Entwicklung der Folklore und Dzhangarologie. Die Entwicklung der Wissenschaft in der Kalmückischen ASSR. Elista. 67-73.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okonow, B. B., Ovalow, E. B. (1981). State and prospects for the development of folklore and dzhangarology. The development of Science in the Kalmyk ASSR. Elista. 67–73 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Omakajewa, E. U. (1998). Moderne Probleme der epischen Forschung in Kalmückien. Tөv Aziin tuul. Ulan Bator. 157-163.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Omakajewa, E.U. (1998). Modern problems of Epic research in Kalmykia. Tөv Aziin tuul. Ulan Bator. 157–163 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Omakajewa, E. U. (2000). Dringende Probleme der Erhaltung, Erforschung und Popularisierung des Epos “Dzhangar” in der Republik Kalmückien. Olonkho im Kontext des epischen Erbes der Völker der Welt. Jakutsk. 12-13.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Omakajewa, E. U. (2000). Urgent problems of preservation, research and popularization of the epic “Dzhangar” in the Republic of Kalmykia. Olonkho in the context of the epic heritage of the world‘s peoples. Yakutsk. 12-13 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Omakajewa, E.U., Mandzhieva, B.B. (2003). Aktuelle Probleme der modernen Jangarstudien. Mongolische Studien, 2. Elista: APP “Dzhangar”. 26–39.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Omakajewa, E.U., Mandzhieva, B.B. (2003). Current problems of modern Jangar studies. Mongolian Studies, 2nd Elista: APP “Dzhangar”. 26-39 (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pyrbejew, G. Ts. (1993). Episches “Dzhangar”: Kultur und Sprache (ethnolinguistische Studien). Elista: Kalmückischer Buchverlag.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyrbejew, G. Ts. (1993). Epic “Dzhangar”: culture and language (ethnolinguistic studies). Elista: Kalmyk book publishing house (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pyurvejewa, N. B. (2003). Poetik des Heldenepos “Dzhangar“. Elista: APP “Dzhangar”.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pyurvejewa, N. B. (2003). Poetics of the heroic epic “Dzhangar”. Elista: APP “Dzhangar” (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sangadzhijewa, N. B. (1967). Dzhangarchi. Elista.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sangadzhijewa, N. B. (1967). Dzhangarchi. Elista (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sangadzhijewa, N. B. (1976).EpischesRepertoirevonDzhangarchiM.Basangow. Elista: Kalmückischer Buchverlag.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sangadzhijewa, N. B. (1976). Epic repertoire by Dzhangarchi M. Basangow. Elista: Kalmyk book publishing house (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Todajewa, B. Kh. (1976). Die Erfahrung der Sprachforschung des Epos “Dzhangar“. Elista: Kalmückischer Buchverlag.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Todayeva, B. Kh. (1976). The experience of linguistic research of the epic “Dzhangar”. Elista: Kalmyk book publishing house (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Khabunowa, E. E. (2006). Das Heldenepos “Dzhangar”: poetische Konstanten des heroischen Lebenszyklus (vergleichende Studie nationaler Versionen). Rostow am Don: Verlag SKNTs VSh.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Khabunowa, E. E. (2006). The heroic epic “Dzhangar”: poetic constants of the heroic life cycle (comparative study of national versions). Rostov-on-Don: Verlag SKNTs VSh (in Russian).</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
